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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

绿营要删候选人“学历”一栏，岛内痛批：实在无耻******

　　【环球时报特约记者 程东】台“行政院”日前通过“选举罢免法”修正草案，即“排黑条款”。民进党“立委”趁机也提出修法版本，主张删除选举公报中的“学历”一栏。岛内舆论大骂，民进党此举实在无耻。

　　据台湾《中国时报》21日报道，民进党“立委”钟佳滨、蔡适应、何志伟提出的“排黑修法”草案，共有24名联署人，都是民进党“立委”。提案中，他们主张把“选罢法”第47条原本规定选举公报要列出候选人学历的“学历”二字删除，即选举公报未来不用列学历。提案说明称，“参选人之学历与其是否足以代表人民意志，并无一定关联性，选举公报实不应强制要求揭露候选人学历”。钟佳滨声称，上世纪80年代各项选举有不同教育程度的要求，候选人必须具备同等教育程度资格，但现在不再以学历作为候选人的参选资格，选举公报上“学历”一栏的意义不存在。台“立法院”程序委员会讨论时，国民党党团总召集人曾铭宗认为“把学历删掉非常奇怪”，提议暂缓列案，最后该案暂时不进入修法审查阶段。

　　“立委”李德维痛批，民进党口口声声说要对抗“黑金”，要修“排黑条款”，结果搞了半天原来是要修这个，尤其主提案人还有之前被撤销博士学位的蔡适应，“已到无耻的地步”。国民党主席朱立伦21日批评称，民进党论文被撤销的“立委”，提案希望选举公报不写学历，民主社会怎么会这样做？台北市议员王鸿薇称，这真的是大笑话，选举公报就是要提供更多信息给选民参考，选民本来就有知情的权利，结果因为少数人用假学历、洗学历，就要把学历栏删除。她呼吁民进党政客悬崖勒马，若有人有洗学历的问题，应该深入检讨、改过、反省，而不是用这样的方式羞辱选民。台北市议员徐巧芯21日嘲讽说，“蔡适应怎么好意思自己提案，做人总有一点羞耻心吧”，这就是民进党的检讨吗？真的很到位，真的笑死人。

　　21日，国民党“立委”林为洲提议修法明定“假论文被判定确定的，终身不得参选”。有酒驾肇事记录者也终身不得参选。他说，前新竹市长林智坚、桃园市长郑文灿以及蔡适应等都被判定论文抄袭，抄袭造假和“黑金”一样严重。脸书粉专“政客爽”呛声道，绿营一堆候选人被爆论文抄袭，解决方法竟是未来都不写学历，笑死，“这款执政党还能期待什么？”

　　《联合报》21日评论称，稍有见识的人都理解，学历和能力不会画上等号，选举公报包括照片、政见、姓名、学经历等仅是信息披露，选民不一定会因为候选人是否为硕士博士就改变投票，但是一名有没有抄袭、学位是否如实都不敢保证的候选人，如何让人放心能授予公职权柄？文章称，蔡适应等人端出与反黑不相干的无理修法，包裹在“排黑”的案由下，这是虚心检讨执政错误，还是急着为下次选举铺路？“究竟是为公，还是为私？恐已写下最糟糕的示范”。

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）